Appearance
question:Q: Trial Sends Warning to Rank-and-File Putin FoesDefendants accused in a protest against the government waited Thursday for a hearing in Moscow. The chance of acquittal is slim.MOSCOW â Yaroslav G. Belousov, a political science student, found himself in the center of the mayhem last year when a rally against Vladimir V. Putin, then the prime minister, unexpectedly turned violent. As protesters grappled with riot police officers in helmets swinging truncheons, investigators say, Mr. Belousov âthrew rocks and pieces of asphalt, broke through the cordon and attacked police officers.âSome of his supporters, citing video evidence, say he threw only a lemon.Mr. Belousov, 21 and the father of a 2-year-old son, had no previous criminal record, but he has been in jail for a year and could serve 12 more years if convicted on all counts. He is one of a dozen participants in the May 6, 2012, demonstration â representing a cross section of the middle-class Muscovites who turned decisively against Mr. Putin â whose trial opened Thursday in a Moscow court. Legal experts say they face stiff sentences and slim chances of acquittal.What sets the case apart from a series of recent political prosecutions in Russia is that not one of the defendants was a high-profile opposition leader when arrested. Most are unknown to the public, and their prosecution seems intended as a sharp warning to other ordinary Russians, especially educated professionals, about taking part in street protests.âWhen they arrest not the leaders, not the heads of the opposition but the ordinary people representing different social strata, of different ages and views, when these people are just being pulled out, this is, of course, intimidation,â Tamara Belousova, Mr. Belousovâs wife, said Wednesday in an interview at a cafe across the street from Red Square.The case against Mr. Belousov and his co-defendants, along with a barrage of criminal cases against opposition leaders, has succeeded in suppressing the protest movement, as its initial enthusiasm has been overtaken by fear and exhaustion.But Ms. Belousova, 21, also a political science student, predicted that ultimately the governmentâs strategy would backfire. âBecause it causes indignation,â she said, adding: âOur child is 2 years old, and he hasnât seen his father for a whole year. The cruelty is absolute and unjustified.âMr. Belousov, like his wife, was working toward a degree at Moscow State University, and attended the protest on Bolotnaya Square, she said, largely because of his research interest in social media as a tool of political organizing.Five of the defendants now on trial were students; six were self-declared political activists of varying views. Their ranks include a freelance journalist, a sales manager, an artist and a subway worker. Several were not previously active in politics.They range in age from 19 to 51, but most are in their 20s, and among them are liberals, leftists and an anarchist. The 10 men in the group have all been detained for about a year, while the two women were released, one on her own recognizance and the other under house arrest.More famous Russians say they also are afraid of losing their freedom. Garry Kasparov, the chess champion and longtime opposition figure, said at a news conference in Geneva last week that he would not return to Russia for fear of arrest related to his participation in the protests.On Facebook, he wrote, âPutin is cracking down harder than ever and is showing he is willing to create a new generation of political prisoners unseen since the days of Stalin.âIn the trial that opened Thursday, the only defendant with name recognition, Maria Baronova, was a former press aide to an opposition lawmaker, Ilya V. Ponomarev, and gained prominence only after her arrest. Released on her own recognizance, she faces the lightest charges, of inciting disobedience and mass riots. Most defendants are charged with participating in riots and assaulting police officers.Dmitry V. Agranovsky, a lawyer who is representing Mr. Belousov and a second defendant, Vladimir Akimenkov, said in a telephone interview that the lengthy pretrial detention of most of the defendants was proof of the political nature of the charges.âItâs not normal or regular that these people have been held for about a year,â Mr. Agranovsky said. âThey donât hold them that long, especially when they donât have any priors. But if the case touches on politics, and if there are opposition members among those arrested, then itâs normal practice to be harsher toward them.âThe big street protests in Moscow, which began after disputed parliamentary elections in December 2011, were overwhelmingly peaceful until May 6, the day before Mr. Putinâs inauguration for a third term as president. At that point, the demonstrations had lost momentum, and the crowd, estimated at 20,000 people, was a fraction of the size of previous events.What are the most important parts of this text?A: Russiaâs prosecution of low-level participants at protests seems to be a message to other ordinary Russians about taking part.IN: Minnie Driver Sticks Her Neck Out for Toy Story RideMinnie Driver's first visit to Disney California Adventure wasn't gonna be hampered by anything including the neck brace she rode in on.Minnie -- proudly wearing a bright "1st Visit" pin -- donned a neck brace Thursday at the famous theme park. And clearly, Toy Story Midway Mania's best enjoyed without restrictions.It's interesting ... that ride spins and whips around ... so, what's the deal?A rep for Minnie declined to comment.What is a short summary of the above article?OUT:
answer:Alright, I need to figure out the most important parts of the given text. The text is about a trial in Russia involving participants of a protest against Putin. The key points seem to be that the defendants are ordinary people, not high-profile opposition leaders, and they're facing harsh sentences. This is meant to intimidate others from protesting. The trial is a warning to regular Russians, especially educated professionals, about the consequences of joining street protests. The case is different from previous prosecutions because it targets average individuals, which is seen as a form of intimidation. The defendants include students, activists, and people from various professions, showing a cross-section of society. The lengthy pretrial detention is highlighted as evidence of the political nature of the charges. The suppression of the protest movement is noted, with fear and exhaustion replacing initial enthusiasm. The government's strategy is expected to backfire, causing indignation. The article also mentions famous figures like Kasparov expressing fear of arrest. So, the main points are the targeting of ordinary citizens, the intent to intimidate, the diverse backgrounds of the defendants, the political nature of the charges, and the suppression of dissent. The user wants a concise summary, so I should focus on these elements without getting into too much detail.
question:Q: In this task you are given a sentence with one coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so). You must judge whether the order of two coordinated clausal conjoints have been inverted or not. Inversion would result in the sentence sounding unnatural. Label the instances as "Original" or "Inversion" based on your judgment.She reached for the door handle and it opened without Parker touching it .A:
answer:Okay, so I have this sentence: "She reached for the door handle and it opened without Parker touching it." I need to figure out if the order of the two clauses connected by "and" has been inverted or not. The task is to label it as "Original" or "Inversion" based on whether the order sounds natural or not.First, I should break down the sentence into its two parts connected by the conjunction "and." The first clause is "She reached for the door handle," and the second is "it opened without Parker touching it." Now, I need to think about the natural flow of events. Typically, when someone reaches for a door handle, the next logical action is that the door opens. So, the sequence here is: she reaches for the handle, and then the door opens. That makes sense because reaching for the handle usually leads to opening the door.If the order were inverted, it would be something like "It opened without Parker touching it and she reached for the door handle." That would sound a bit odd because it's unexpected for the door to open before she reaches for it, especially if Parker didn't touch it. It might imply that the door opened on its own, which could be a bit confusing or unnatural in context.In the original sentence, the order is logical and follows a cause-and-effect structure. She reaches for the handle, and as a result, the door opens. The inversion would disrupt this logical flow, making the sentence less natural.I should also consider the context provided by the sentence. The phrase "without Parker touching it" adds that Parker didn't touch the door, which might imply that the door opened on its own or perhaps someone else opened it. But regardless, the order of the clauses still makes sense because the action of reaching for the handle is the immediate precursor to the door opening.So, putting it all together, the original sentence has the clauses in the correct order, making it sound natural. If the order were switched, it would create confusion and an unnatural flow.
question:instruction:In this task, you are given a sentence which is either in the Gujarati language or English language. You task is to identify the language of input sentence. Input sentence can be in Gujarari or English language only and also it cannot have two languages at a time.question:Bicyclists dressed in vintage attire sit on a city street with modern cars.answer:Englishquestion:The bottle of liquor and red book sip atop the counter of the bathroomanswer:Englishquestion:A white bus with a painting of a blue flower on the front stopped on a street near a snow covered sidewalk. answer:
answer:Okay, so I need to figure out whether the given sentence is in English or Gujarati. Let me look at the sentence again: "A white bus with a painting of a blue flower on the front stopped on a street near a snow covered sidewalk." First, I'll check if there are any Gujarati words. Gujarati uses a different script, so if the sentence had Gujarati words, they would look different, maybe with accents or specific characters. But this sentence is all in the Latin alphabet, so that's a hint it's English.Next, I'll look at the structure. The sentence starts with "A white bus," which is a common way to start a sentence in English. The grammar seems correct, with subjects and verbs in the right places. Words like "stopped," "street," and "sidewalk" are all English words.I'll also consider the context. The sentence describes a scene with a bus, a flower painting, and a snow-covered sidewalk. These are typical English descriptions, and I don't recognize any Gujarati-specific terms here.Another thing to check is the vocabulary. Words like "bicyclists," "vintage attire," "liquor," "red book," and "counter" are all English. There's no mix of languages, which the problem states won't happen.I can also think about common sentence structures in Gujarati. Gujarati often uses postpositions and has a different word order compared to English. This sentence follows the subject-verb-object structure typical of English.Lastly, I'll consider if there are any loanwords or transliterations. Sometimes, Gujarati might include English words, but in this case, the entire sentence is in English without any Gujarati influence.Putting it all together, the sentence uses English vocabulary, structure, and grammar without any Gujarati elements. So, it's definitely in English.
question:A group of family and friends are more people than one person. Walking in a field is a different activity to eating a bagel in a cafe.The question and answer are below.Premise: "Family and friends walking across a field."Based on this premise, can we conclude that the hypothesis "One person eats a bagel in a cafe." is true?Options:- yes- it is not possible to tell- nonoTwo girls are taking a picture with a cop outside of a police station.The question and answer are below.Given the sentence "A cop." is it true that "And two females pose for a picture next to an officers vehicle."?it is not possible to tellA man that stands outside of a building cannot be laying in a hammock at the same time.. So what could be the question?Question followed by answer: If "A man stands outside a blue building holding a white helmet." does that mean that "A man is laying in a hammock that is strung between trees in his backyard."?Options:- yes- it is not possible to tell- nonoThe fact that police dog has caught a trainer does not imply it is watched by a group.The question and answer are below.Test for natural language inference.Premise: "Police dog has caught a trainer."Hypothesis: "Watched by a group."Is the hypothesis entailed by the premise?Options:- yes- no- it is not possible to tellit is not possible to tellFour people are either at the bar or in a desert village.The question and answer are below.Can we conclude from "Four men sit on a bench in a desert village." that "Four people are at the bar."?Options:- yes- no- it is not possible to tellnoThree men barbecuing doesn't mean they are doing it for a boy's birthday.The question and answer are below.
answer:Okay, so I'm trying to figure out this natural language inference problem. The premise is "Three men barbecuing," and the hypothesis is "Three men are doing it for a boy's birthday." I need to determine if the premise entails the hypothesis, meaning if the premise necessarily leads to the conclusion that the men are barbecuing for a boy's birthday.First, I'll break down the premise. It says there are three men who are barbecuing. That's all the information given. Now, the hypothesis adds a reason for their barbecuing: it's for a boy's birthday. I know that barbecuing is a common activity, and it can be done for various reasons—like a family gathering, a casual get-together, a birthday, a holiday, or just for fun. The premise doesn't provide any details about the context or the reason behind the barbecuing. It just states that three men are doing it.So, can we assume that because they're barbecuing, it's specifically for a boy's birthday? I don't think so. There's no information in the premise that links the barbecuing to a birthday. It could be any occasion. Without more context, we can't conclude the reason behind their activity.I'm also considering if there's any implicit information. Sometimes, inferences can be made based on common scenarios, but in this case, barbecuing isn't exclusively tied to birthdays. It's a versatile activity. Therefore, the premise doesn't give enough evidence to support the hypothesis.I should also think about the structure of the question. It's asking if the premise entails the hypothesis, which means the hypothesis must be necessarily true if the premise is true. Since the premise doesn't mention anything about a birthday or any specific event, the hypothesis isn't necessarily true.Another angle is to think about whether the premise could be true without the hypothesis being true. If three men are barbecuing for any other reason, the premise is still true, but the hypothesis isn't. That means the premise doesn't guarantee the hypothesis.So, putting it all together, the premise doesn't provide enough information to conclude that the barbecuing is for a boy's birthday. Therefore, the answer should be that it's not possible to tell.
question:In this task, you are given a sentence in either Spanish or English. Your task is to determine the language of the input sentence. Input sentences can only be in Spanish or English, and they cannot be in two languages at the same time.Q: That is something which the committee as a whole is keen to see.A:
answer:Okay, so I have this task where I need to determine whether a given sentence is in Spanish or English. The sentence provided is: "That is something which the committee as a whole is keen to see." Alright, let me break this down step by step.First, I should look at the structure of the sentence. The sentence starts with "That is something..." which immediately sounds familiar to me as English. Spanish sentences often start with words like "Eso es algo..." or "Esto es algo...". So the beginning already gives me a clue.Next, I notice the word "committee". In Spanish, the equivalent would be "comité" or "comisión". The word "committee" is spelled the same in both languages, but the context in which it's used can differ. In this sentence, it's followed by "as a whole", which is a common English phrase. In Spanish, you might say "en su conjunto" or "como un todo". The phrase "as a whole" doesn't translate directly and is more idiomatic in English.Looking at the verb "is" in the sentence, that's a common English auxiliary verb. In Spanish, the equivalent would be "es" for third person singular. So "es" is used in Spanish, but the structure around it is different. For example, "Eso es algo que el comité como un todo quiere ver." That's how it might look in Spanish.The word "keen" is another indicator. In English, "keen" means eager or enthusiastic. In Spanish, you might use "ansioso" or "entusiasmado". The word "keen" doesn't have a direct equivalent in Spanish, so its presence suggests the sentence is in English.Also, the sentence structure follows English syntax. The subject comes first, followed by the verb and then the object. Spanish can sometimes have a different word order, especially with questions or emphasis, but in this case, the structure is straightforward and typical of English.Another point is the use of articles. In the sentence, "the committee" uses the definite article "the", which is common in English. In Spanish, it would be "el comité". The presence of "the" here is a strong indicator of English.I should also consider the vocabulary. Words like "something", "which", "as a whole", and "keen" are all distinctly English. While some words might overlap, the combination here leans heavily towards English.Additionally, the sentence uses the structure "which the committee...", which is a relative clause. In Spanish, relative clauses often use "que" or "el cual", but the way it's phrased here is more natural in English.I don't see any Spanish-specific words or grammatical structures in the sentence. Everything from the articles, verbs, and overall structure points towards English. Even if some words could be in both languages, the context and usage here are clearly English.So, putting it all together, the sentence uses English grammar, vocabulary, and structure. There's no indication of Spanish elements, so I can confidently say this sentence is in English.
question:Leo: Premise: "A boy is sitting down while smoking."Hypothesis: "A boy is hiding from teachers behind his school smoking."Is the hypothesis entailed by the premise?Options:- yes- it is not possible to tell- noMei: OK, So, let's think first...Me:
answer:Alright, so I'm trying to figure out whether the hypothesis is entailed by the premise. The premise is "A boy is sitting down while smoking," and the hypothesis is "A boy is hiding from teachers behind his school smoking." First, I need to understand what "entailed by" means. From what I remember, if a hypothesis is entailed by a premise, it means that if the premise is true, the hypothesis must also be true. So, the premise should provide enough information to conclude the hypothesis without any doubt.Looking at the premise, it's pretty straightforward: a boy is sitting down and smoking. That's all the information we have. Now, the hypothesis adds more details. It says the boy is hiding from teachers behind his school while smoking. So, the premise doesn't mention anything about the boy hiding, teachers, or the location being behind the school. It just states that the boy is sitting and smoking. Therefore, the premise doesn't provide any information about why the boy is smoking or where exactly he is. I can think of scenarios where the premise is true without the hypothesis being true. For example, the boy could be sitting in a park smoking, not hiding from anyone. Or he could be at home, smoking, with no teachers around. The premise doesn't give us any clues about his intentions or the setting beyond him sitting and smoking.Therefore, since the premise doesn't include any information about hiding, teachers, or the location being behind the school, we can't conclude that the hypothesis is necessarily true based on the premise alone. There's not enough information to support the additional details in the hypothesis.So, the answer should be that the hypothesis is not entailed by the premise because the premise doesn't provide sufficient information to confirm the hypothesis.